A letter from a collection agency or bailiff can be quite a shock. You are often ordered to pay within a few days, with threats of additional costs or even a lawsuit. Sometimes you even receive an official summons to appear in court.

Important to know: not every collection letter is justified and you do not have to pay everything without question. In this article we explain what collection letters and summonses mean, what your rights are, and how you can defend yourself.

What is a collection letter?

A collection letter is a letter from a creditor, collection agency, or bailiff in which you are asked to pay an outstanding bill.

• Often there are collection fees on top.

• A payment term given to pay (e.g., 7 or 14 days).

• Sometimes a lawsuit or seizure is threatened.

👉 But: not every debt collection agency has the same powers. Only a bailiff can actually seize assets and issue official summonses.

What is a debt collection summons?

A debt collection summons is an official notice to appear in court because, according to the creditor, you have not paid.

• The bailiff will personally deliver the summons to you.

• It states what is being claimed (e.g., an amount plus interest and costs).

• It specifies the date and time you must be at court.

👉 If you do not appear, the judge can issue a default judgment to issue and you are automatically ordered to pay.

What to do with a collection letter?

1. Check whether the claim is correct

   • Have you received the bill?

   • Is the invoice justified?

   • Have the amounts been calculated correctly?

2. Beware of collection fees

   • Consumers may only be charged statutory collection costs.

   • These depend on the amount of the claim.

3. Respond on time

   • Do not ignore the letter, even if the claim is incorrect.

   • Write back that you dispute the claim if you disagree with it.

What to do in case of a summons?

1. Read the summons carefully
   Check who the plaintiff is, what amount is being claimed, and on what date the hearing is.

2. Take action

   • Respond on time with a statement of defense or appear at the hearing.

   • Without a defense, the plaintiff almost always wins.

3. Seek legal assistance
   A lawyer can assess whether the claim is justified and present a defense.

Practical examples

• Example 1 (telecom bill): A consumer received a collection letter for an old phone bill. With our help, the claim turned out to be time-barred and he did not have to pay anything.

• Example 2 (energy supplier): A tenant received a summons from an energy supplier. The judge reduced the claim because excessive collection fees had been charged.

• Example 3 (wrongly billed product): A customer received an invoice for a product that was never delivered. With a defense, the entire claim was dismissed.

Checklist for collection letters and summonses

• 📄 Always read the letter or summons carefully.

• 📑 Check whether the claim is correct and not time-barred.

• ⏳ Respond on time — ignoring it leads to higher costs or a default judgment.

• ⚖️ Seek legal help if in doubt.

• 💶 Only pay if the claim is justified.

Common mistakes

• Ignoring collection letters, causing costs to increase.

• Thinking that a collection agency has as much power as a bailiff.

• Responding too late to a summons.

• Paying unjustly out of fear of “extra costs”.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

1. Do I always have to pay when I receive a collection letter?
No, only if the claim is legitimate. If in doubt, you can contest it.

2. Can a collection agency just seize assets?
No, only a bailiff may seize assets and serve official summonses.

3. What happens if I ignore a summons?
Then the claimant will almost certainly obtain a default judgment and you will have to pay, including additional costs.

4. How much in collection fees may be charged?
Only statutory collection fees are allowed. These depend on the amount of the debt.

5. Can a lawyer help with a debt collection summons?
Yes, a lawyer can present a defense and sometimes have (part of) the claim dismissed.

Why Arslan Advocaten?

• Specialized in debt collection cases and defense against unjustified claims

• Prevent clients from paying unnecessarily or incurring high costs

• Experienced in negotiating with bailiffs and collection agencies

• Strong in defending against debt collection summonses

Conclusion

A debt collection letter or summons is no reason to panic, but it is a signal to take immediate action. Only pay if the claim is legitimate, and seek legal advice if in doubt. This way, you avoid paying unnecessarily or facing high costs.